Ngā Pūrongo

I te whakatairanga me te whakamahinga o te whāngai pire i roto i ngā kararehe me ngā heihei, te umanga ahuwhenua ika, me ngā umanga hou pēnei i te tongi matū, te hopi, te chrysanthemum, ngā maramara rakau, ngā anga pīnati, me te paraoa miro, he maha ake ngā wae e whakamahi ana i ngā mira pire mowhiti. Nā te rerekētanga o te tātai whāngai me ngā rerekētanga ā-rohe, he rerekē ngā whakaritenga a ngā kaiwhakamahi mō te whāngai pire. Me whai kounga pire pai ia kaihanga whāngai me te tino pai o te mahi pire mō te whāngai pire e whakaputaina ana e ia. Nā te rerekētanga o ngā tātai whāngai, he rerekē hoki te kōwhiringa o ngā tawhā pire mowhiti i te wā e pēhi ana i ēnei whāngai pire. Ko ngā tawhā e whakaatahia ana i roto i te kōwhiringa o te rauemi, te diameter o te pore, te āhua o te pore, te ōwehenga āhua, me te ōwehenga whakatuwheratanga. Me whakatau te kōwhiringa o ngā tawhā pire mowhiti i runga i te hanganga matū me ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana o ngā rauemi mata rerekē e hanga ana i te tātai whāngai. Ko te hanganga matū o ngā rauemi mata ko te pūmua, te māngaro, te ngako, te cellulose, me ētahi atu. Ko ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana o ngā rauemi mata ko te rahi o te matūriki, te makuku, te kaha, me ētahi atu.

Ko te nuinga o ngā kai kararehe me ngā heihei he witi me te kānga, he nui te māngaro, he iti hoki te muka. He kai māngaro nui tēnei. Hei pēhi i tēnei momo kai, me whakarite kia tino whakakorikoria te māngaro, kia tutuki ai ngā tikanga pāmahana me te tukatuka tiketike. He matotoru te matotoru o te mowhiti, ā, he whānui te awhe, ā, ko te ōwehenga āhua kei waenganui i te 1:8-1:10. He kai pūngao nui ngā heihei me ngā parera parai, he nui te ngako, he ngāwari te whakapūkara, ā, he nui te haurua o te roa me te whānui i waenganui i te 1:13.

Ko te nuinga o ngā kai wai ko te kai ika, te kai kōura, te kai honu anga-ngāwari, me ētahi atu. He nui te muka mata o te kai ika, ko te kai kōura me te kai honu anga-ngāwari he iti te muka mata, ā, he nui te pūmua, he nui hoki ngā pūmua. Ko ngā rauemi wai e hiahia ana kia roa te pumau o ngā matūriki i roto i te wai, kia rite te whānui me te roa, kia pai ai te rahi o ngā matūriki me te nui o te pakari ina whakapūkaratia te rauemi, ā, me whakamahi ngā tukanga i mua i te pakari me muri i te pakari. Ko te whānui o te mowhiti e whakamahia ana mō te kai ika kei waenganui i te 1.5-3.5, ā, ko te whānuitanga ōwehenga āhua kei waenganui i te 1:10-1:12. Ko te whānuitanga whakatuwheratanga o te mowhiti e whakamahia ana mō te kai kōura kei waenganui i te 1.5-2.5, ā, ko te whānuitanga ōwehenga roa-ki-te whānui kei waenganui i te 1:11-1:20. Ka tīpakohia ngā tawhā motuhake o te ōwehenga roa-ki-te whānui. Me whakatau i runga i ngā tohu kai i roto i te tauira me ngā hiahia o ngā kaiwhakamahi. I taua wā anō, kāore te hoahoa o te āhua o te kōhao mate e whakamahi i ngā kōhao takahanga i te nuinga o te wā i raro i te āhuatanga o te kaha e āhei ai, kia rite ai te roa me te whānui o ngā matūriki tapahi.

Ko te nuinga o te hanganga tongi matū he tongi kore-waro, he tongi waro me ngā kohuke. Ko ngā tongi kore-waro i roto i ngā tongi matū pēnei i te urea he nui ake te waikura ki te mowhiti mate, ko ngā kohuke ia he tino kaha te whakakoi ki te kōhao mate me te kōhao kōne o roto o te mowhiti mate, ā, he nui te kaha o te whakaputanga. He nui te whānui o te kōhao o te mowhiti mate tongi matū, mai i te 3 ki te 6. Nā te nui o te tauwehenga kakahu, he uaua ki te tuku i te kōhao mate, nō reira he iti te ōwehenga roa-ki-te-whānui, i waenganui i te 1:4-1:6. Kei roto i te tongi he huakita, ā, kaua te pāmahana e neke ake i te 50-60 nekehanga, ki te kore he ngāwari ki te patu i ngā huakita. Nō reira, me iti ake te pāmahana whakapūkara o te tongi matū, ā, he angiangi te matotoru o te pakitara o te mowhiti mate. Nā te kaha o te kakahu me te haehae o te tongi matū i runga i te kōhao mowhiti mate, kāore i te tino pakari ngā whakaritenga mō te whānui o te kōhao. I te nuinga o te wā, ka tangohia te mowhiti mate ina kore e taea te whakarite i te āputa i waenga i ngā roera pēhanga. Nō reira, ka whakamahia te roa o te kōhao takahanga hei whakarite i te ōwehenga āhuatanga me te whakapai ake i te roanga o te ora ratonga whakamutunga o te mowhiti mate.

He nui te muka mata o te hopi, ā, he maha ngā momo totoka kei roto, ā, ko te pāmahana i te nuinga o te wā kāore e neke ake i te 50 nekehanga, nō reira he angiangi te matotoru o te pakitara o te mowhiti mate mō te pēhi i ngā hopi, ā, he poto te roa me te whānui, tata ki te 1:5, ā, he nui ake te whānui o te matūriki i te 5-6 i waenganui.

He nui te muka mata kei roto i te kirihi, te anga pīnati, te paraoa miro, me te wahie rakau, neke atu i te 20% te muka mata, he iti te hinu, he nui te ātete ki te waku o te rauemi e tika ana mā te kōhao mate, he ngoikore te mahi whakapūkara, ā, e hiahiatia ana te pakeke o ngā pūkara. He iti, he uaua ki te whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga mēnā ka taea te hanga whānui, he nui te diameter o te matūriki, i waenga i te 6-8, ā, ko te ōwehenga āhua he 1:4-1:6 te nuinga. Nā te mea he iti te matotoru o tēnei momo whāngai, ā, he nui te diameter o te kōhao mate, me whakamahi he rīpene hei hiri i te porowhita o waho o te wāhi kōhao mate i mua i te whakapūkara, kia taea ai te whakakī katoa i te rauemi ki roto i te kōhao mate, ā, ka taea te hanga, kātahi ka haehaea te rīpene.

Mō te whakapūtanga o ngā rauemi rerekē, kāore e taea te whai i ngā kaupapa whakapono. Me whiriwhiri i ngā tawhā tika mō te mowhiti mate me ngā tikanga whakahaere e ai ki ngā āhuatanga whakapūtanga o te rauemi me ngā āhuatanga motuhake o ia kaihanga whāngai. Mā te urutau ki ngā āhuatanga o te rohe anake ka taea te whakaputa whāngai kounga teitei.

Te Tātari Take me te Tikanga Whakapai ake o ngā Matūriki Tauhou

He maha ngā wā ka puta he pirepire rerekē i roto i ngā wāhanga whakaputa whāngai i te wā e whakaputa ana i te whāngai, ka pā tēnei ki te āhua me te kounga o roto o ngā pirepire, ā, ka pā ki ngā hoko me te ingoa o te wheketere whāngai. Anei te rārangi o ngā take mō ngā matūriki rerekē e puta pinepine ana i roto i ngā mira whāngai me te rārangi o ngā tikanga whakapai ake kua whakaarohia: